Ya\u015famak G\u00fczel \u015eey Be Karde\u015fim, N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in otobiyografik roman\u0131 ve en politik metinlerinden birisidir. N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in kendi ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok kom\u00fcnistin ya\u015famlar\u0131ndan an\u0131larla harmanlayarak aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131, arka plan\u0131nda Ekim Devrimi ve d\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019sinin siyasal hayat\u0131 yer alan, kom\u00fcnistlerin \u00e7ektikleri zul\u00fcmleri \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde aktaran bir romand\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir devrimci romantizm ba\u015fyap\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
1962 y\u0131l\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, ilk olarak \u201cRomantika\u201d ad\u0131yla Moskova\u2019da 1963\u2019te bir roman dergisinde bas\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Kitap olarak ayr\u0131 bask\u0131s\u0131 29 Haziran 1964\u2019te Moskova\u2019da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, yine ayn\u0131 y\u0131l, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e metni Bulgaristan\u2019da Sofya\u2019da yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrkiye bask\u0131s\u0131 ise G\u00fcn Yay\u0131nlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 1967\u2019de \u0130stanbul\u2019da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u0130lk bask\u0131y\u0131 yapan yay\u0131nevi, d\u00f6nemin anti kom\u00fcnist yasalar\u0131ndan duydu\u011fu korkudan olsa gerek, kitab\u0131 sans\u00fcrl\u00fc bi\u00e7imde basm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n bu roman\u0131n\u0131n T\u00fcrkiye bask\u0131lar\u0131, o g\u00fcnden bu yana sans\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Roman\u0131 okudu\u011funuzda k\u00f6\u015feli parantezler i\u00e7inde \u00fc\u00e7 noktal\u0131 [\u2026] kesintiler g\u00f6r\u00fcrs\u00fcn\u00fcz. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcmler sans\u00fcrl\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerdir. Ancak daha yak\u0131n bir inceleme, kitab\u0131n pek \u00e7ok ba\u015fka b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn\u00fcn de sans\u00fcrl\u00fc oldu\u011funu g\u00f6stermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
\u0130\u015fte bu makalede biz, T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de yay\u0131mlan\u0131\u015f\u0131n\u0131n 50. y\u0131ld\u00f6n\u00fcm\u00fcnde, N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n T\u00fcrkiyeli okur bak\u0131m\u0131ndan kay\u0131p olan bu sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131kartaca\u011f\u0131z. 50 y\u0131ll\u0131k bu ay\u0131b\u0131n art\u0131k son bulmas\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnde bir \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131 da yapaca\u011f\u0131z. Bu makaleyle, 21. y\u00fczy\u0131lda T\u00fcrkiye\u2019de N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in hala sans\u00fcrleniyor oldu\u011funu ayan beyan ortaya koyaca\u011f\u0131z. Ki bu sans\u00fcr, sadece ele ald\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z eserinde de\u011fil, en \u00fcnl\u00fc \u015fiirlerinden \u201cTanya\u201dda ve ba\u015fka eserlerinde de tespit edilmi\u015ftir.(1)<\/p>\n
Bu kitab\u0131n yasal yay\u0131n haklar\u0131n\u0131 bug\u00fcn elinde tutan Yap\u0131 Kredi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, kitab\u0131n 21 bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yapm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Ancak ne var ki bu bask\u0131lar da sans\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr. Sans\u00fcrl\u00fc b\u00f6l\u00fcmler halen okurdan saklanmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kitab\u0131n \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131s\u0131 daha az sans\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr ve bu bask\u0131n\u0131n da telif haklar\u0131 YKY\u2019den al\u0131nm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu da, YKY\u2019nin elinde sans\u00fcrs\u00fcz metin oldu\u011fu halde, sans\u00fcr\u00fc bilin\u00e7li ve kas\u0131tl\u0131 bi\u00e7imde s\u00fcrd\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fcn bir kan\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. Kapitalist banka tekeli Yap\u0131 Kredi, iyi bir gelir kayna\u011f\u0131 oldu\u011fu (!) i\u00e7in N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in telif haklar\u0131n\u0131 sat\u0131n alm\u0131\u015f, buradan b\u00fcy\u00fck paralar kazanmaktad\u0131r. \u0130nternette N\u00e2z\u0131m \u015fiirlerinin yay\u0131nlanmas\u0131n\u0131 veya ba\u015fka yay\u0131nevlerinin N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 basmas\u0131n\u0131 mahkemeler eliyle engellemektedir. Ama ayn\u0131 yay\u0131nevi, N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n eserini sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015f bi\u00e7imde yay\u0131mlamakta \u0131srar etmektedir.<\/p>\n
Bu makaleyle birlikte, halen burjuva yasalar\u0131 \u00e7er\u00e7evesinde N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n eserlerinin telif hakk\u0131n\u0131 elinde tutan Yap\u0131 Kredi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131\u2019na ve miras yoluyla bu haklar\u0131n sahipli\u011fini elinde tutan Mehmet Hikmet\u2019e, sans\u00fcr ay\u0131b\u0131n\u0131 ortadan kald\u0131rma \u00e7a\u011fr\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 yap\u0131yoruz. Bu yap\u0131lmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde, N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n miras\u0131n\u0131 ta\u015f\u0131yabilecek yay\u0131nevlerine bu kitab\u0131n sans\u00fcrs\u00fcz versiyonunu ula\u015ft\u0131rarak basmalar\u0131n\u0131 isteyece\u011fiz. Bu da bask\u0131yla kar\u015f\u0131lar\u015f\u0131rsa, e-kitap olarak internetten yay\u0131nlayaca\u011f\u0131z. Her hal\u00fckarda, N\u00e2z\u0131m \u00fczerindeki bu 50 y\u0131ll\u0131k sans\u00fcr\u00fc k\u0131raca\u011f\u0131z. Sans\u00fcrc\u00fc hi\u00e7bir yay\u0131nevinin N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in kitaplar\u0131n\u0131 basmas\u0131 me\u015fru de\u011fildir. Romantika \u00fczerindeki yar\u0131m y\u00fczy\u0131ll\u0131k sans\u00fcr zincirlerini k\u0131rman\u0131n zaman\u0131 \u00e7oktan gelmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
Boris Polevoy, Bulgaristan bask\u0131s\u0131nda yay\u0131mlanan \u00f6ns\u00f6z\u00fcnde, \u201cHikmet bu kitab\u0131yla \u00f6v\u00fcnd\u00fc\u011f\u00fc kadar, belki ba\u015fka hi\u00e7bir kitab\u0131yla \u00f6v\u00fcnmemi\u015ftir\u201d der. \u00d6yleyse bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmam\u0131z, N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n ba\u015fyap\u0131tlar\u0131ndan birisine yap\u0131lan katmanl\u0131 sans\u00fcre kar\u015f\u0131 onun miras\u0131n\u0131 yeni ku\u015faklara do\u011fru aktarma konusunda \u00e7abam\u0131z olsun.<\/p>\n
Kitapta sans\u00fcr\u00fcn iki ana nokta \u00fczerinde yo\u011funla\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz: \u0130lki; Bol\u015fevizm, Ekim Devrimi ve uluslararas\u0131 kom\u00fcnizmle ilgili ifadelerin \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131lmas\u0131 veya de\u011fi\u015ftirilmesidir. \u0130kincisi ise; T\u00fcrk egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131n\u0131n \u0130stiklal Mahkemeleri, Suphilerin katli, Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131 gibi tarihsel su\u00e7lar\u0131na dair anlat\u0131mlara, keza roman kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fkencecilere, katliamc\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 s\u0131n\u0131f \u00f6fkesi ifade eden s\u00f6zlerine uygulanan sans\u00fcrd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n
A\u00e7\u0131\u011fa \u00e7\u0131karabildi\u011fimiz kadar\u0131yla YKY\u2019nin T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bask\u0131s\u0131nda 35 noktada sans\u00fcr uygulanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. M\u00fcmk\u00fcnd\u00fcr ki, sans\u00fcrl\u00fc noktalar\u0131n say\u0131s\u0131 35\u2019ten y\u00fcksek de olabilir. Bizim eksik b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131z noktalar kalm\u0131\u015fsa, ba\u015fka ara\u015ft\u0131rmac\u0131lar bunlar\u0131 mutlaka saptayacakt\u0131r. Aslolan, sans\u00fcrc\u00fc zihniyetin ortadan kald\u0131rmaya \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131\u011f\u0131 N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in kay\u0131p sayfalar\u0131n\u0131 yeniden okurla bulu\u015fturmakt\u0131r.<\/p>\n
N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019a y\u00f6nelik sans\u00fcr\u00fcn izini, YKY\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131karm\u0131\u015f oldu\u011fu 20. Bask\u0131\u2019n\u0131n sayfalar\u0131 \u00fczerinden s\u00fcrece\u011fiz.(2)Bu \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmada, kitab\u0131n \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131(3), Rus\u00e7a \u00f6zg\u00fcn bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131(4) ve bu bask\u0131n\u0131n terc\u00fcmesiyle Bulgaristan\u2019da yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan T\u00fcrk\u00e7e bas\u0131m\u0131n\u0131(5)kar\u015f\u0131la\u015ft\u0131rmal\u0131 olarak inceledik.<\/p>\n
S\u0131ralamay\u0131 YKY bask\u0131s\u0131ndaki sans\u00fcrl\u00fc yerlere g\u00f6re yapt\u0131k. Roma rakamlar\u0131yla, YKY bask\u0131s\u0131ndaki sayfa say\u0131lar\u0131na g\u00f6re sans\u00fcrl\u00fc yerleri teker teker s\u0131ralad\u0131k. T\u0131rnak i\u00e7inde italik ile yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f ifadeler sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015f yerlerdir. Parantez i\u00e7indeki ifadeleri ise sans\u00fcrlenen yerlerin \u00f6ncesinde veya sonras\u0131ndaki yerleri aktararak anlam b\u00fct\u00fcnl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc sunmak ad\u0131na koyduk. Bulgaristan bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 (B) \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131y\u0131 ise (\u0130) olarak k\u0131saltarak yanlar\u0131na sayfa numaralar\u0131n\u0131 koyduk.<\/p>\n
K\u00fcrt \u0130syan\u0131 \u0130stiklal Mahkemelerini Getirmenin Vesilesi<\/p>\n
I. Sayfa 9\u2019daki [\u2026] i\u015fareti: Burada Ahmet\u2019in \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131 eni\u015ftesi \u015e\u00fckr\u00fc Bey\u2019in s\u00f6zlerinin bir k\u0131sm\u0131 kesilmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
\u201cK\u00fcrt isyan\u0131 vesile. En insafs\u0131z adam\u0131n\u0131, \u0130smeti, yeniden h\u00fck\u00fcmete getirmek i\u00e7in, yeniden istiklal mahkemeleri kurmak i\u00e7in, Mustafa Kemalin buldu\u011fu vesile. Bu f\u0131rsattan istifade ederek, mazisinin de \u00f6c\u00fcn\u00fc alacak, \u0130ttihat ve Terakki\u2019ye m\u00e2nen sad\u0131k kalan bizlerden. Neden mi? Kendisi de \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131yken umdu\u011fu mevki kendisine verilmedi diye. Politika b\u00f6yledir. \u0130nsan, ink\u00e2r etti\u011fi eski partisine herkesten \u00e7ok d\u00fc\u015fman kesilir. Tevkif ettirecek beni Mustafa Kemal, ettirecek aya\u011f\u0131m\u0131n az\u0131c\u0131k s\u00fcr\u00e7mesini bekliyor, az\u0131c\u0131k\u2026\u201d (B 8-9) (\u0130 5)<\/p>\n
II. Sayfa 36\u2019daki \u201ceme\u011fin Alman demircilerine selam\u201d ifadesi, asl\u0131nda \u201ckom\u00fcnizmin Alman demircilerine selam\u201d \u015feklindedir.<\/p>\n
Suphilerin Katlinde Mustafa Kemal Ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131<\/p>\n
III. Sayfa 71\u2019deki ilk [\u2026]: \u201cnamussuzlar\u201d (yuhalam\u0131\u015f, ta\u015fa tutmu\u015f Suphilerin yayl\u0131lar\u0131n\u0131) (B 63) (\u0130ngilizce bask\u0131da da sans\u00fcrl\u00fc)<\/p>\n
IV. Sayfa 71\u2019deki ikinci [\u2026]: (Burda bir Yahya K\u00e2hya var, kay\u0131k\u00e7\u0131lar kahyas\u0131, it mi it. Topal Osman\u0131n adam\u0131,) \u201cKemalin muhaf\u0131z kumandan\u0131n\u0131n.\u201d (B 63) (\u0130ngilizce bask\u0131da da sans\u00fcrl\u00fc)<\/p>\n
Bu nokta \u00f6zellikle \u00f6nemlidir, zira Mustafa Suphi ve 15\u2019lerin katliyle Mustafa Kemal\u2019in do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131s\u0131na i\u015faret etmektedir. N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n 1962\u2019de i\u015faret etti\u011fi bu ba\u011flant\u0131, 1977\u2019de Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u00f6zel muhaf\u0131z\u0131 \u0130smail Hakk\u0131 Tek\u00e7e\u2019nin tefrika edilen an\u0131lar\u0131nda, \u201cald\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir emir \u00fczerine\u201d, Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n iki adam\u0131n\u0131 yan\u0131na alarak, Ankara\u2019dan Trabzon\u2019a giderek \u201cYahya Kahya\u2019y\u0131 kendisinin \u00f6ld\u00fcrd\u00fc\u011f\u00fcn\u00fc\u201d itiraf etmesiyle kuvvet kazanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.(6)Yahya Kahya, Kaz\u0131m Karabekir\u2019in anlat\u0131m\u0131na g\u00f6re, 3 Temmuz 1922\u2019de, Trabzon\u2019da So\u011fuksu\u2019ya giderken, k\u0131\u015flaya yak\u0131n bir yerde, otomobil i\u00e7inde birka\u00e7 ki\u015finin sald\u0131r\u0131s\u0131yla \u00f6ld\u00fcr\u00fclm\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr.(7)Yahya Kahya\u2019n\u0131n do\u011frudan do\u011fruya Mustafa Kemal\u2019in \u00f6zel korumas\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan, Topal Osman\u2019\u0131n iki adam\u0131n\u0131n da kat\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 bir planla ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131, Suphiler cinayetiyle Mustafa Kemal aras\u0131ndaki do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131y\u0131 ortaya koyan verilerden birisidir. Kemalistlerin, Yahya Kahya\u2019n\u0131n \u0130ttihat\u00e7\u0131lar\u0131n (veya daha somut olarak Enver Pa\u015fa\u2019n\u0131n) emriyle hareket etti\u011fi y\u00f6n\u00fcndeki a\u00e7\u0131klamas\u0131n\u0131 da \u00e7\u00fcr\u00fctmektedir. Anla\u015f\u0131lan emri veren de, sonradan bu vah\u015feti yapt\u0131rd\u0131\u011f\u0131 ki\u015fiyi ortadan kald\u0131ran da Mustafa Kemal\u2019dir. Dolay\u0131s\u0131yla burada \u00fc\u00e7 kelimelik bir sans\u00fcr ile N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n bu do\u011frudan ba\u011flant\u0131ya dair saptamas\u0131 buharla\u015ft\u0131r\u0131lmaktad\u0131r.<\/p>\n
V. Sayfa 71\u2019de ayr\u0131ca, asl\u0131nda \u201c\u2500Trabzon\u2019da kom\u00fcnist var m\u0131?\u201d (B 63) olan soru, \u201c\u2500Trabzon\u2019da bizden kimse var m\u0131?\u201d \u015feklinde de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek konulmu\u015f. Bu ifade \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131da da sans\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr.(\u0130 74)<\/p>\n
VI. Sayfa 72\u2019deki \u201cSuphi\u2019nin Rusya\u2019daki T\u00fcrk esirlerden kurdu\u011fu Alay\u0131n\u201d ifadesinin asl\u0131 \u201c\u2026K\u0131z\u0131l Alay\u0131n\u201d \u015feklindedir. (B 64)<\/p>\n
D\u00fcnya Kom\u00fcnizmi, S\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z S\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z Bir Toplum<\/p>\n
VII. Sayfa 74\u2019teki [\u2026]: (Burada, Mustafa Suphi i\u00e7in kullan\u0131lan bir niteleme sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015ftir) \u201carslan gibi bol\u015fevi\u011fe\u201d (B 66) \/\u201ckorkusuz bir Bol\u015fevik\u2019e\u201d (\u0130 78)<\/p>\n
VIII. Yine Sayfa 74\u2019te dergi ismi olarak ge\u00e7en \u201cSendika\u201d, asl\u0131nda \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l Sendika\u201dd\u0131r. (B 66)<\/p>\n
IX. Sayfa 85\u2019teki ilk [\u2026]: (Kap\u0131n\u0131n sa\u011f\u0131nda ilkel kom\u00fcnizmden g\u00f6r\u00fcler: ara yerde a\u015firet devri, k\u00f6lelik devri, derebeylik, kapitalizm filan; kap\u0131n\u0131n solunda, en y\u00fcksek toplum d\u00fczeni: D\u00fcnya kom\u00fcnizmi) ifadesinin devam\u0131:<\/p>\n
\u201cIrklar\u0131n birbirine kar\u0131\u015fmas\u0131, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z, h\u00fck\u00fcmetsiz, s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z tek d\u00fcnyan\u0131n \u00fcst\u00fcnde tek \u0131rktan, tek milletten, kom\u00fcnist \u0131rk\u0131ndan ve milletinden insan.\u201d (B 75) (\u0130 90)<\/p>\n
X. Sayfa 85\u2019teki 2. [\u2026]: (insanlar) \u201ckom\u00fcnizmde\u201d (tek dil konu\u015funca\u2026) (B 76)<\/p>\n
Lenin\u2019in Ba\u015fucunda \u0130ki N\u00f6bet\u00e7i<\/p>\n
XI. Sayfa 89\u2019da Ahmet\u2019in Lenin\u2019in cans\u0131z bedeninin ba\u015f\u0131nda tuttu\u011fu n\u00f6beti anlatt\u0131\u011f\u0131 b\u00f6l\u00fcm de i\u015faretsiz sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
(Bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 yerde Lenin\u2019i g\u00f6rd\u00fcm!) \u201cAln\u0131n\u0131, sar\u0131 ve inan\u0131lmayacak kadar geni\u015f aln\u0131n\u0131. Yery\u00fcz\u00fc yuvarla\u011f\u0131. Lenin s\u0131rt \u00fcst\u00fc yat\u0131yor, ellerini g\u00f6\u011fs\u00fcne kavu\u015fturmu\u015f. K\u0131z\u0131l Bayrak ni\u015fan\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6rd\u00fcm. Y\u00fcksek\u00e7e bir yerde yat\u0131yor Lenin, a\u00e7\u0131k bir tabutun i\u00e7inde, k\u0131rm\u0131z\u0131lar\u0131n ve \u00e7i\u00e7eklerin aras\u0131nda. Ba\u015fucunda, iki yanda iki n\u00f6bet\u00e7i, ayak ucunda da \u00f6yle. Ben bir Orta Asyal\u0131dan ald\u0131m n\u00f6beti. Bana bir \u015feyler s\u00f6yledi n\u00f6beti teslim ederken. Kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermedim. Elimde t\u00fcfek, duruyorum k\u0131m\u0131ldamadan Lenin\u2019in ba\u015fucunda. Krupskaya\u2019y\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum, Lenin\u2019in aln\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum.\u201d (Aln\u0131n\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fcyorum) (B 79) (\u0130 95)<\/p>\n
K\u0131z\u0131l Bayraklar\u0131yla Karadeniz U\u015faklar\u0131<\/p>\n
XII. Sayfa 90\u2019daki [\u2026]: (Ne korkusu? De\u011fil. Ba\u011f\u0131ramayaca\u011f\u0131m gibi geliyor.) \u201cOrak-\u00c7eki\u00e7, yeni \u00e7\u0131kan Orak-\u00c7eki\u00e7! diye ba\u011f\u0131ramayaca\u011f\u0131m.\u201d (B 80) (\u0130 97)<\/p>\n
XIII.-XVIII. Sayfa 91\u2019de de TKP\u2019nin \u00e7\u0131kard\u0131\u011f\u0131 gazetenin ad\u0131 alt\u0131 ayr\u0131 yerde sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015ftir. \u201c\u2500Sosyalist gazete. Son haberleri yaz\u0131yor\u201d ifadesinin asl\u0131: \u201c\u2500Orak \u00c7eki\u00e7, yaz\u0131yor, son haberleri yaz\u0131yor!\u201d \u201c\u2500Yeni \u00e7\u0131kan gazete! Sosyalist gazete!\u201d ifadesinin asl\u0131: \u201c\u2500Yeni \u00e7\u0131kan Orak \u00c7eki\u00e7!\u201d \u201c\u2500Gazete, yeni \u00e7\u0131kan sosyalist gazete!\u201d ifadesinin asl\u0131: \u201cOrak \u00c7eki\u00e7! Orak \u00c7eki\u00e7!\u201d \u201c\u2500Yahu bu k\u00f6pr\u00fcden tek namuslu adam ge\u00e7mez mi? Gazete!\u201d ifadesinin asl\u0131: \u201c\u2026ge\u00e7mez mi? Orak \u00c7eki\u00e7!\u201d \u201c\u2500B\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya i\u015f\u00e7ileri (imdat ister gibi ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorum) birle\u015finiz! Gazete!\u201d ifadesinin orijinali: \u201cB\u00fct\u00fcn d\u00fcnya i\u015f\u00e7ileri\u2026 Orak \u00c7eki\u00e7 \u2500imdat ister gibi ba\u011f\u0131r\u0131yorum\u2500 birle\u015finiz! Orak \u00c7eki\u00e7!\u201d \u201cBen o g\u00fcn K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019de 45 gazete satt\u0131m\u201d ifadesinin orijinali ise: \u201cBen o g\u00fcn K\u00f6pr\u00fc\u2019de 45 Orak \u00c7eki\u00e7 satt\u0131m\u201d \u015feklindedir. (B 81) (Bu sayfa \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131s\u0131nda da sans\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr.)<\/p>\n
XIX.-XX. Sayfa 92\u2019deki iki ayr\u0131 [\u2026]: \u201ck\u0131z\u0131l\u201d bayraklar\u0131, hem ayy\u0131ld\u0131zl\u0131, hem ayy\u0131ld\u0131zs\u0131z \u201ck\u0131z\u0131l\u201d bayraklar\u0131yla bizim Karadeniz u\u015faklar\u0131. (B 82) (Bu ifadeler \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131da da sans\u00fcrl\u00fcd\u00fcr)<\/p>\n
T\u00fcrkiyeliler de Sovyetler\u2019de E\u015fit Yurtta\u015f Say\u0131l\u0131yor<\/p>\n
XXI. Sayfa 93\u2019teki [\u2026]: (Bizimkiler de, \u00c7inliler de kendi uyruklar\u0131nda. Sovyet se\u00e7imlerinde oy verebiliyor ve se\u00e7ilebiliyorlar, sendikalara kat\u0131labiliyorlar) \u201cBol\u015fevik Partisi\u2019ne \u00fcye olabiliyorlar. Mesela ben, T\u00fcrkiye uyruklu\u011funday\u0131m, ama kendimi g\u00f6sterebilirsem Y\u00fcksek Sovyetlerin ba\u015fkanl\u0131\u011f\u0131na bile se\u00e7ilebilirim. Ne m\u00fckemmel \u015fey anas\u0131n\u0131 satt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131n, yery\u00fcz\u00fcnde kocaman bir toprak var. Sana orda, \u2018hangi dindensin, hangi millettensin, hangi uyrukluktans\u0131n?\u2019 diye sormuyorlar, \u2018ba\u015fka bir adam\u0131n s\u0131rt\u0131ndan ge\u00e7indin mi, papazl\u0131k, imaml\u0131k ettin mi? Burjuva polisinde, jandarmas\u0131nda \u00e7al\u0131\u015ft\u0131n m\u0131?\u2019 diye soruyorlar. \u2018Aa\u2019 dedin mi, uyruklu\u011fun falan kimsenin umrunda de\u011fil, o koca topra\u011f\u0131n orda do\u011fmu\u015fsun b\u00fcy\u00fcm\u00fc\u015fs\u00fcn gibi, yerlisi oluyorsun.\u201d (B 82) (\u0130 99)<\/p>\n
XXII. Sayfa 95\u2019teki [\u2026]: (Ben bu sosyalist milletini \u00e7ok eskiden tan\u0131r\u0131m, benim de bir bula\u015f\u0131kl\u0131\u011f\u0131m oldu bu i\u015fe, namuslu \u00e7ocuklard\u0131r, sen y\u00fcre\u011fini sa\u011flam tut, han\u0131m teyze, g\u00fcn\u00fcn birinde nas\u0131l olsa\u2026) \u201ckazanacaklar partiyi\u201d ifadesi burada sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015f. (B 85) (Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131da da sans\u00fcrl\u00fc)<\/p>\n
XXIII. Sayfa 97\u2019de yine gazete isminin sans\u00fcrlendi\u011fi bir yer var; \u201cKerim 925\u2019te K\u00f6pr\u00fcde Orak \u00c7ekici nas\u0131l satt\u0131klar\u0131n\u0131 anlat\u0131yor\u201d (B 86) yerine \u201cgazetelerini\u201d ifadesi konmu\u015f.<\/p>\n
XXIV. Sayfa 101\u2019deki [\u2026]: E\u015fi Neriman\u2019la tart\u0131\u015fan kom\u00fcnist devrimci \u0130smail, bir Arap cini gelse ondan ne isteyece\u011fini sorduktan sonra k\u0131z\u0131yor: (Arap marap yok, Arap biziz) \u201cBiz d\u00fcnya i\u015f\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131f\u0131, yarataca\u011f\u0131z insanlara s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z, s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z, h\u00fcr karde\u015f d\u00fcnyas\u0131n\u0131\u201d ifadesi sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015ftir. (B 90)<\/p>\n
Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm, \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131da \u201cBiz, d\u00fcnyan\u0131n b\u00fct\u00fcn emek\u00e7i s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131, \u00f6zg\u00fcr bir d\u00fcnyay\u0131 yarataca\u011f\u0131z \u2013 s\u0131n\u0131rs\u0131z ve s\u0131n\u0131fs\u0131z bir d\u00fcnya, b\u00fct\u00fcn insanlar\u0131n karde\u015f olaca\u011f\u0131 bir d\u00fcnya.\u201d \u015feklinde yer almaktad\u0131r. (\u0130 118)<\/p>\n
Yolda\u015flar Zindanda<\/p>\n
XXV. Bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcn devam\u0131nda, Sayfa 101\u2019de Neriman\u2019\u0131n \u201cSen o kadar \u00e7ok girmesen olmuyor mu?\u201d sorusuna \u0130smail\u2019in verdi\u011fi yan\u0131t da [\u2026] i\u015fareti dahi konulmaks\u0131z\u0131n sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015ftir:<\/p>\n
\u201c\u0130smail kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k vermedi. M\u0131r\u0131ldanma\u011fa ba\u015flad\u0131 en sevdi\u011fi mar\u015f\u0131:<\/p>\n
Yolda\u015flar z\u0131ndanda,<\/p>\n
Ta\u015f duvar d\u00f6rt bir yanda<\/p>\n
Bizimle saflarda de\u011filler.<\/p>\n
Geldi k\u0131z\u0131l g\u00fcn, haz\u0131r olsun mavzer.<\/p>\n
Gayen i\u00e7in ko\u015f kavgaya proleter.<\/p>\n
Gayen i\u00e7in ko\u015f<\/p>\n
kavgaya<\/p>\n
proleter.\u201d (B 90) (\u0130 108-109)<\/p>\n
Bunun ger\u00e7ekten o d\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrkiyeli kom\u00fcnistleri aras\u0131nda s\u00f6ylenen bir mar\u015f m\u0131, yoksa N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n \u00f6zg\u00fcn bir yarat\u0131m\u0131 m\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair bir kayna\u011fa ula\u015famad\u0131k. Kesin olan, burada da sans\u00fcr\u00fcn bizi enfes bir b\u00f6l\u00fcmden daha yoksun b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n
XXVI. Sayfa 104\u2019te yer alan \u201cNumara yapt\u0131lar bize\u201d ifadesinin asl\u0131 \u201cNumara yapt\u0131 bize hergeleler\u201d \u015feklindedir (B 92)<\/p>\n
XXVII. Sayfa 108\u2019deki [\u2026]: Ahmet\u2019in tutuklamalara tepkisi: (Hay Allah kahretsin\u2026) \u201cVay pezevenkler\u201d (Nas\u0131l yakaland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 yazm\u0131yor\u2026 Hay Allah kahretsin\u2026) (B 96)<\/p>\n
Ermeni K\u0131y\u0131m\u0131na Dair<\/p>\n
XXVIII. Sayfa 110\u2019daki [\u2026]: Burada Ahmet\u2019in Moskova\u2019daki \u201c\u00fcniversite parti h\u00fccresi sekreteri\u201d Ermeni kom\u00fcnist Petrosyan\u2019la bir diyalogu yer almaktad\u0131r. Petrosyan\u2019\u0131n (\u015eu T\u00fcrk o\u011fullar\u0131ndan \u015fu Ermenilerin \u00e7ekmedi\u011fi mi kald\u0131? K\u0131yma k\u0131yar gibi do\u011frad\u0131n\u0131z bizi) s\u00f6z\u00fcne yan\u0131t veren Ahmet (Ben yoktum sizi do\u011frayanlar\u0131n aras\u0131nda) diyor. Petrosyan s\u00fcrd\u00fcr\u00fcyor: (Yaln\u0131z sen de\u011fil, i\u015fin asl\u0131na bakarsan, ellerine b\u0131\u00e7ak verilen T\u00fcrk k\u00f6yl\u00fcs\u00fc de yoktu, o b\u0131\u00e7akla kestiler, ama yoktular. \u0130\u015fin do\u011frusu bu) dedikten sonra yine ba\u015fbelas\u0131 sans\u00fcr devreye giriyor. T\u00fcrk egemen s\u0131n\u0131flar\u0131 i\u00e7in hassas olan her meselede romanla aram\u0131za b\u0131\u00e7ak gibi girmesinden art\u0131k irkildi\u011fimiz [\u2026] imi bu sefer neyi yutmu\u015f diye bakt\u0131\u011f\u0131m\u0131zda \u015fu ifadelerin kesildi\u011fini g\u00f6r\u00fcyoruz: \u201cKafalar\u0131na giydirdiler jandarma \u00fcniformas\u0131n\u0131, yapt\u0131rd\u0131lar bu i\u015fi.\u201d(B 97)<\/p>\n
\u0130ngilizce bask\u0131da bu b\u00f6l\u00fcm sans\u00fcrl\u00fc de\u011fildir ama belirgin bi\u00e7imde yumu\u015fat\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. \u201cJandarma\u201d kelimesi \u00e7\u0131kart\u0131larak devletin sorumlulu\u011funa dair bu vurgu kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r: \u201cEllerine silah verildi, silahl\u0131 adamlara d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fcler ve katliama itildiler.\u201d(\u0130 118)<\/p>\n
N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in son d\u00f6nem \u00e7al\u0131\u015fmalar\u0131nda Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019yla ilgili vurgular\u0131n giderek artt\u0131\u011f\u0131 g\u00f6r\u00fclebilir. \u00dcnl\u00fc \u201cAk\u015fam Gezintisi\u201d \u015fiirinde yer alan 5 dize de yay\u0131nc\u0131lar taraf\u0131ndan y\u0131llarca sans\u00fcrlense de 2000\u2019li y\u0131llarda g\u00fcn y\u00fcz\u00fcne \u00e7\u0131km\u0131\u015ft\u0131. (Bakkal Karabetin \u0131\u015f\u0131klar\u0131 yanm\u0131\u015f\/ Affetmedi bu Ermeni vatanda\u015f\/ K\u00fcrt da\u011flar\u0131nda babas\u0131n\u0131n kesilmesini\/ Fakat seviyor seni, \u00e7\u00fcnk\u00fc sen de affetmedin\/ Bu karay\u0131 s\u00fcrenleri T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131n aln\u0131na)<\/p>\n
Burada N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n pozisyonu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r: Ermeni Soyk\u0131r\u0131m\u0131\u2019n\u0131 lanetler, ama bu katliamdan T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131 sorumlu tutmaz. T\u00fcrk halk\u0131n\u0131, aln\u0131na bu kara lekeyi s\u00fcren egemen s\u0131n\u0131flara kar\u015f\u0131 m\u00fccadeleye davet eder.<\/p>\n
K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu Emek\u00e7iler Ordusu<\/p>\n
XXIX. Sayfa 129\u2019da orijinal metinde yer alan:<\/p>\n
\u201cBu ordu senin ordun, bu ordu benim ordum, \/ Bu ordu K\u0131z\u0131l Ordu Emek\u00e7iler ordusu\u201d \u015fiiri, \u201cK\u0131z\u0131l Ordu\u201d ifadesi sans\u00fcrlenerek, yerine \u201cbizim ordu\u201d konarak yer alm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. (B 114)<\/p>\n
XXX. Sayfa 148\u2019deki [\u2026] imi, \u00f6ncesiyle birlikte:<\/p>\n
\u201c-\u00dclkemin kokusu, \u00fclkeme duydu\u011fum sevgi, halk\u0131mla ba\u011flar\u0131m\u2026 Halk\u0131m derken, kast etti\u011fim\u2026 -Biliyorum burjuvalar\u0131 kast etmiyorsun\u2026 -Hay\u0131r burjuvaziyi de\u011fil, onlar benim halk\u0131m de\u011fil, T\u00fcrk halk\u0131ndan say\u0131lmazlar, Rus veya Frans\u0131z halk\u0131ndan da say\u0131lmazlar, ben sadece halk\u0131 kast ediyorum. -Benim i\u00e7in de \u00f6yle.\u201d (\u0130 162) (B 130)<\/p>\n
XXXI. Sayfa 151 (Beni b\u00f6yle y\u0131pratacak) \u201chergeleler\u201d (teslim alacaklar). (B 134)<\/p>\n
XXXII. Sayfa 163\u2019teki [\u2026]: \u0130smail i\u015fkenceleri anlat\u0131rken: (\u00c7arm\u0131ha germi\u015fler) \u201chergeleler\u201d (Ziya\u2019y\u0131.)<\/p>\n
XXXIII. Ayn\u0131 sayfadaki 2. [\u2026]: \u201chergeleler\u201d. (B 144) Roman kahramanlar\u0131n\u0131n i\u015fkencecilere, katliamc\u0131lara kar\u015f\u0131 \u00f6fke belirten bu t\u00fcrden b\u00fct\u00fcn ifadeleri sistemli bi\u00e7imde sans\u00fcrlenmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n
XXXIV. Sayfa 164\u2019te \u201cgazetelerini\u201d yerine orijinal metinde \u201cOrak \u00c7eki\u00e7 gazetesini\u201d yer almaktad\u0131r. (B 145) Gazetenin ismi burada dokuzuncu kez sans\u00fcre u\u011fram\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n
Kom\u00fcnistim, Sevday\u0131m Tepeden T\u0131rna\u011fa<\/p>\n
XXXV. Nihayet, geldik b\u00fct\u00fcn roman\u0131n ba\u011fland\u0131\u011f\u0131, N\u00e2z\u0131m\u2019\u0131n bu kitap i\u00e7in kaleme ald\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u015fiire.<\/p>\n
Son sahnedir.<\/p>\n
\u201cKonuklar\u0131m var: Anu\u015fka, \u0130smail, Ahmet, Neriman, Marusa, Ziya, Si-Ya-U. \u2026 Konuklar\u0131m kocalmam\u0131\u015f. Onlar\u0131 ka\u00e7 ya\u015f\u0131nda b\u0131rakt\u0131ysam o ya\u015ftalar. \u2026 Ziya: Bir \u015fiir oku, dedi bana.\u201d<\/p>\n
Ahmet\u2019in burada okudu\u011fu \u015fiir, hem T\u00fcrk\u00e7e, hem de \u0130ngilizce bask\u0131larda \u201cKom\u00fcnistim\u201d ifadesi \u201cEmek\u00e7iyim\u201d \u015feklinde de\u011fi\u015ftirilerek yay\u0131mlanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Burada, \u015fiiri, Bulgaristan bask\u0131s\u0131ndaki orijinal haliyle aktar\u0131yoruz:<\/p>\n
\u201cKom\u00fcnistim,<\/p>\n
Sevday\u0131m tepeden t\u0131rna\u011fa,<\/p>\n
sevda: g\u00f6rmek, d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnmek, anlamak,<\/p>\n
sevda: do\u011fan \u00e7ocuk, y\u00fcr\u00fcyen ayd\u0131nl\u0131k,<\/p>\n
sevda: sal\u0131ncak kurmak y\u0131ld\u0131zlara,<\/p>\n
sevda: d\u00f6kmek \u00e7eli\u011fi kanter i\u00e7inde.<\/p>\n
Kom\u00fcnistim,<\/p>\n
sevday\u0131m tepeden t\u0131rna\u011fa.\u201d (B 149)<\/p>\n
NOTLAR:<\/p>\n
(1)\u00d6zcan Yaman, N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet, \u2018Tanya\u2019 ve sans\u00fcr, Evrensel Gazetesi, 1 May\u0131s 2015 https:\/\/www.evrensel.net\/yazi\/73943\/n-zim-hikmet-tanya-ve-sansur<\/p>\n
(2)Ya\u015famak G\u00fczel \u015eey Be Karde\u015fim, Romanlar 3, 20. Bask\u0131, \u0130stanbul, Nisan 2017, Yap\u0131 Kredi Yay\u0131nlar\u0131<\/p>\n
(3)Life\u2019s Good Brother, translated from the Turkish by Mutlu Konuk Blasing, Persea Books, Inc., New York, 2013. Bu bas\u0131m\u0131 edinmemizdeki yard\u0131mlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 City University of New York, College of Staten Island\u2019dan Daniel Anthony Barry\u2019ye te\u015fekk\u00fcr ediyoruz.<\/p>\n
(4)Romantika -Roman, T\u00fcrk\u00e7e\u2019den L. Starostova taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7evrilmi\u015ftir, Sovyet Yazarlar\u0131 Yay\u0131nevi, Moskova, 29 Haziran 1964. Rus\u00e7a bask\u0131s\u0131n\u0131 edinmemizdeki yard\u0131mlar\u0131ndan dolay\u0131 Candan Badem\u2019e te\u015fekk\u00fcr ediyoruz.<\/p>\n
(5)Ya\u015famak G\u00fczel \u015eeydir Karde\u015fim, Narodnaya Prosveta, Sofya, 1964. \u00d6ns\u00f6z: Boris Polevoy. Kaynak: Bo\u011fazi\u00e7i \u00dcniversitesi K\u00fct\u00fcphanesi, Kitap kodu: 39001101353442. Bu bask\u0131y\u0131 edinmemizdeki desteklerinden dolay\u0131 Ali Deniz Esen\u2019e te\u015fekk\u00fcr ediyoruz.<\/p>\n
(6)G\u00fcnayd\u0131n Gazetesi, \u201cAtat\u00fcrk\u2019\u00fcn 1920\u2019den \u00f6l\u00fcm\u00fcne kadar yan\u0131ndan ay\u0131rmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 \u00f6zel muhaf\u0131z\u0131 \u0130. H. Tek\u00e7e\u2019nin an\u0131lar\u0131, 4 Aral\u0131k 1977, tefrika 25. Aktaran: Yavuz Aslan, TKF ve Mustafa Suphi, T\u00fcrk Tarih Kurumu (TTK) Yay\u0131nlar\u0131, Ankara 1997, sf. 353.<\/p>\n
(7)Yavuz Aslan, age, sf. 339<\/p>\n
YAZAN: Alp Alt\u0131n\u00f6rs<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
Ya\u015famak G\u00fczel \u015eey Be Karde\u015fim, N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in otobiyografik roman\u0131 ve en politik metinlerinden birisidir. N\u00e2z\u0131m Hikmet\u2019in kendi ya\u015fam \u00f6yk\u00fcs\u00fcn\u00fc tan\u0131d\u0131\u011f\u0131 pek \u00e7ok kom\u00fcnistin ya\u015famlar\u0131ndan an\u0131larla harmanlayarak aktard\u0131\u011f\u0131, arka plan\u0131nda Ekim Devrimi ve d\u00f6nemin T\u00fcrkiye\u2019sinin siyasal hayat\u0131 yer alan, kom\u00fcnistlerin \u00e7ektikleri zul\u00fcmleri \u00e7arp\u0131c\u0131 bi\u00e7imde aktaran bir romand\u0131r. Ayn\u0131 zamanda bir devrimci romantizm ba\u015fyap\u0131t\u0131d\u0131r. 1962 y\u0131l\u0131nda yaz\u0131lm\u0131\u015f,<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1301,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[43,30],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1296","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-kultur-ve-sanat","category-secme-yazilar"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1296","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1296"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1296\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1301"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1296"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1296"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"http:\/\/www.ogrencifaaliyeti.com\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1296"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}